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List of minor indigenous peoples of Russia

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The following peoples are officially recognized minor indigenous peoples of Russia. Many of them are included into the Common List of Minor Indigenous Peoples of Russia (Единый перечень коренных малочисленных народов России) approved by the government of Russia on March 24, 2000 and updated in subsequent years.

These peoples satisfy the following criteria:

  • To live in their historical territory;
  • To preserve traditional way of life, occupations, and trades;
  • To self-recognize themselves as a separate ethnicity;
  • To have a population of at most 50,000 within Russia.

Some of them, such as Soyots, were recognized only after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

These peoples subject to benefits according to a number of laws aimed at preservation and support of these ethnicities.

Ten of these peoples count less than 1,000 and 11 of them live beyond the Arctic Circle.

Far North

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Further information: Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East

Far North is the part of Russia which lies mainly beyond the Arctic Circle.

Central Siberia

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Main article: Indigenous peoples of Siberia

Far East

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Southern Siberia

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Main article: Indigenous peoples of Siberia

Peoples of Dagestan with population less than 50,000

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According to a 2000 decree of the government of Russian Federation,[1] Dagestan was supposed to compile their own list of small-numbered Indigenous peoples, to be included in the overall List of small-numbered Indigenous peoples of Russia The peoples below fall under the criteria of the decree, but were not included into the list in 2000.

Tiny groups

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There are about 40 other tiny ethnic groups in Dagestan, with total number of less than 40,000.

Other

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Demographics

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Median Age

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Most peoples with smaller populations have median ages that are considerably lower than the Russian average. The below table is taken from the Russian census of 2002. For example, the median age of ethnic Russians was 37.6 years, while that of Yuraq Samoyeds was 26.2 years.[1]

Ethnic Group Total Male Female Urban Ur.Male Ur.Female Rural R.Male R.Female
Yuraq Samoyed (Nenet) 26.2 24.6 27.6 25.7 23.1 27.4 26.3 24.8 27.7
Tavgi Samoyed (Nganassan) 26.6 25.8 27.2 24.2 22.1 25.4 27.1 26.5 27.7
Chukchi 26.6 25.1 27.9 25.1 22.5 26.9 26.9 25.6 28.1
Taimyr Samoyed (Dolgan) 26.7 25.1 28.0 26.0 23.2 27.6 26.8 25.4 28.1
Ostyak 26.8 24.9 28.3 27.1 24.5 28.9 26.6 25.1 28.1
Yenisei Samoyed (Enet) 27.0 25.5 28.4 30.4 20.0 35.6 26.5 26.0 27.0
Todzhin 27.3 26.8 27.7 32.5 45.0 7.5 27.3 26.8 27.7
Yup'ik 27.3 25.5 28.9 26.2 23.3 28.3 27.7 26.1 29.2
Koryaks 27.4 26.3 28.5 25.4 23.0 27.2 28.3 27.4 29.0
Sayan Samoyed (Karagas/Tofalar) 27.5 27.1 28.0 28.9 25.4 33.6 27.4 27.2 27.7
Vogul 27.6 25.2 29.5 27.4 24.3 29.6 27.8 26.0 29.3
Yukaghir 27.6 25.8 29.2 28.1 25.4 30.6 27.2 26.2 28.2
Telengit 27.9 26.5 29.3 25.3 25.4 25.3 28.0 26.6 29.5
Evenks 28.0 26.5 29.3 28.1 26.1 29.8 27.9 26.6 29.1
Soyots 28.0 26.6 29.5 25.5 23.6 27.1 28.3 26.9 29.7
Evens 28.1 25.6 30.0 28.4 24.6 30.4 28.0 25.9 29.7
Yenisei Ostyak (Ket) 28.1 25.9 30.3 30.5 25.6 32.8 27.7 25.9 29.5
Gilyak (Nivkh) 28.3 26.4 30.0 29.1 26.6 31.1 27.7 26.2 29.1
Oroks 28.4 27.1 29.7 28.6 27.8 29.5 28.0 26.1 30.0
Oroch 28.8 27.4 30.1 28.3 23.2 32.8 29.1 29.6 28.7
Chuvans 29.2 27.6 30.5 30.4 28.0 31.8 28.7 27.4 29.9
Goldyak (Nanai) 30.1 28.9 31.1 31.7 30.5 32.6 29.4 28.3 30.5
Udihe 30.1 28.5 31.6 30.6 29.1 31.5 30.0 28.4 31.7
Ulch 30.3 27.5 32.7 37.2 31.8 40.8 29.1 26.8 31.1
Ostyak Samoyed (Selkup) 30.4 28.8 31.9 33.2 31.0 35.1 29.9 28.5 31.3
Negidal 30.5 26.8 33.5 33.5 29.5 36.1 29.6 26.1 32.6
Itel 30.7 28.0 33.0 30.6 27.2 33.4 30.7 28.4 32.8
Chelkan 31.0 29.7 32.0 30.7 28.8 32.7 31.1 29.9 31.9
Tubalar 32.1 31.1 33.1 34.1 32.1 35.7 31.9 31.0 32.8
Sami 32.1 29.2 34.6 32.5 28.5 35.3 31.9 29.6 34.1
Aleut 32.1 32.3 32.0 31.2 34.2 29.4 32.4 31.9 32.9
Kamchadal 33.2 31.7 34.4 32.6 31.6 33.4 33.8 31.9 35.7
Teleut 33.9 31.3 36.1 33.1 30.9 35.0 34.5 31.6 36.9
Shor 34.0 32.0 35.8 33.8 31.5 35.7 34.6 33.1 35.9
Chulym 34.2 33.8 34.6 39.3 36.6 41.8 33.8 33.6 34.0
Abaza 34.7 32.7 36.6 31.7 30.6 32.7 36.5 33.9 39.0
Taz 35.8 33.2 38.2 36.3 32.9 39.6 35.5 33.3 37.5
Shapsugh 38.5 37.3 39.7 38.5 36.6 40.4 38.5 37.5 39.5
Besermian 40.8 37.7 43.8 41.4 40.9 41.9 40.6 36.8 44.4
Kumandin 40.9 36.4 44.6 41.1 35.7 45.4 40.6 37.1 43.6
Nagaibak 41.1 38.5 43.3 43.9 41.6 45.6 40.6 38.0 42.8
Veps 49.8 44.9 53.1 47.0 41.9 50.1 53.1 48.1 56.8
Kerek 60.8 52.5 77.5 60.8 52.5 77.5
Izhor 65.8 59.4 67.9 61.8 60.2 62.8 67.2 59.0 69.3

Birth Rate

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The below table gives the average birth rate for Smaller Ethnic groups for the 1997-2002 period based on the 2002 census. (per 1000 people) Source: [2] For most of the groups the birth rate was more than the death rate. For example for the Yuraq Samoyeds the birth rate was more than double the death rate. But for ethnic groups like Veps (Death rate 7 times the birth rate) the reverse was true. For Ingrians, not a single birth was recorded in 1992-2002 period. The youngest of the Ingrians are 3 people in 10-14 age group (Total ethnic population 327, of which more than 60% are above 70 years of age. The 1989 population was 820, signifying a decline of 2.5 times)

Group Total Urban Rural
Abaza 11.40 11.70 11.23
Aleut 13.45 10.42 14.29
Besermian 7.27 2.71 8.57
Veps 3.48 3.68 3.25
Taimyr Samoyed (Dolgan) 18.60 13.23 19.68
Izhor 0.00 0.00 0.00
Itel 15.72 13.44 16.92
Kamchadal 13.61 14.95 11.99
Kerek 0.00 0.00 0.00
Yenisei Ostyak (Ket) 16.65 15.08 16.97
Koryaks 16.30 17.15 15.96
Kumandin 7.89 7.10 8.78
Vogul 19.08 18.92 19.24
Nagaibak 7.20 3.87 7.83
Goldyak (Nanai) 12.67 8.48 14.33
Tavgi Samoyed (Nganassan) 11.10 13.61 10.54
Negidal 15.84 10.43 17.44
Yuraq Samoyed (Nenet) 21.74 17.55 22.60
Nivkh (Gilyak) 15.83 12.05 19.15
Oroch 10.80 6.67 13.04
Lapp 14.58 13.82 15.06
Ostyak Samoyed (Selkup) 14.74 8.68 15.89
Soyots 17.45 6.90 18.43
Taz 10.94 8.89 12.05
Telengit 17.57 9.20 17.89
Teleut 9.94 9.39 10.34
Sayan Samoyed (Karagas/Tofalar) 16.60 0.00 17.62
Tubalar 14.87 11.67 15.15
Todzhin 19.35 0.00 19.36
Udihe 15.02 5.93 17.59
Oroks 12.08 7.10 18.60
Ulch 14.79 7.75 16.05
Ostyak 19.62 18.19 20.33
Chelkan 19.28 15.93 19.80
Chuvans 16.16 13.56 17.27
Chukchi 19.07 15.86 19.70
Chulym 11.51 13.64 11.35
Shapsugh 10.27 6.82 11.40
Shor 10.13 9.32 12.12
Evenks 16.21 11.34 17.66
Evens 17.11 13.89 18.58
Yenisei Samoyed (Enet) 17.26 8.33 18.50
Yup'ik 15.65 16.75 15.26
Yukaghir 18.03 17.00 18.77

See also

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References

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  1. ^ A decree about small-numbered Indigenous peoples of Russia (in Russian)
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