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Beijing Capital International Airport

Coordinates: 40°04′21″N 116°35′51″E / 40.07250°N 116.59750°E / 40.07250; 116.59750
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Beijing Capital International Airport

北京首都国际机场
Terminal 3 in front, Terminal 1 and 2 at the back
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorBeijing Capital International Airport Company Limited
ServesJing-Jin-Ji
LocationShunyi, Beijing, China
Opened1 March 1958; 66 years ago (1958-03-01)
Hub for
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL116 ft / 35 m
Coordinates40°04′21″N 116°35′51″E / 40.07250°N 116.59750°E / 40.07250; 116.59750
Websitewww.bcia.com.cn
en.bcia.com.cn
Map
PEK/ZBAA is located in Beijing
PEK/ZBAA
PEK/ZBAA
Location in Beijing
PEK/ZBAA is located in China
PEK/ZBAA
PEK/ZBAA
Location in China
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
18L/36R 3,810 12,500 Asphalt
18R/36L 3,445 11,302 Asphalt
01/19 3,810 12,500 Concrete[1]
Statistics (2023)
Passengers52,879,156
Aircraft movements379,710
Tonnes of cargo1,115,908
Economic & social impact$6.5 billion & 571.7 thousand[2]

Beijing Capital International Airport (IATA: PEK, ICAO: ZBAA) is the busiest of the two international airports serving Beijing, the capital of China (the other one being Beijing Daxing International Airport).

The airport is located 32 km (20 mi) northeast of Beijing's city center, in an exclave of Chaoyang and the surroundings of that exclave in suburban Shunyi.[5] The airport is owned and operated by the Beijing Capital International Airport Company Limited, a state-controlled company. The airport's IATA Airport code, PEK, is based on the city's former romanized name, Peking.

The facility covers an area of 3,657 acres (14.8 sq. km) of airport property.[6]

History

[edit]
Capital Airport in 1959
Beijing Capital International Airport
Simplified Chinese北京首都国际机场
Traditional Chinese北京首都國際機場
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinBěijīng Shǒudū Guójì Jīchǎng
Wade–GilesPei3-ching1 Shou3-tu1 Kuo2-chi4 Chi1-chʻang3
IPA[pèɪ.tɕíŋ.ʂòʊ.tú.kwǒ.tɕî.tɕí.ʈʂʰàŋ]
Wu
RomanizationPok入 cin平 Seu上 tu平 Kok入 ji平 Ji平 zaan去
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingBak1 ging1 Sau2 dou1 Gwok3 zai3 Gei1 coeng4
Southern Min
Hokkien POJPak-kiann Siú-tou Kok-chè Ki-tiûnn

Beijing Airport was opened on 1 March 1958.[7]: 20  The airport then consisted of one small terminal building, which still stands to this day, apparently for the use of VIPs and charter flights, along with a single 2,500-meter (8,200 ft) runway on its eastern side,[7]: 18  which was extended to 3,200 meters (10,500 ft) in 1966 and 3,800 meters (12,500 ft) in 1982 respectively.[7]: 22  Another 3,200-meter (10,500 ft) runway on the west was completed in October 1978. On 1 January 1980, a newer, larger Terminal 1 – green in color – opened, with docks for 10 to 12 aircraft. The terminal was larger than the one built in the 1950s but, by the mid-1990s, its size had become inadequate.[citation needed]

The first international flight to China and Beijing Capital International Airport was of Pakistan International Airlines from Islamabad.[citation needed]

Capital Airport in 1972, when an Air Force One carrying US President Richard Nixon arrived at Beijing on February 21

In late 1999, to mark the 50th anniversary of the founding of the PRC, the airport underwent a new round of expansion. Terminal 2 opened on 1 November of that year and Terminal 1 was temporarily closed for renovation. 20 September 2004 saw the opening of the renovated Terminal 1 which, at that time, only handled China Southern Airlines' domestic and international flights from Beijing.[8] Other airlines' domestic and international flights still operated in Terminal 2.

More expansion began in 2007. A third runway opened on 29 October 2007, to relieve congestion on the other two runways.[9] Terminal 3 (T3) was completed in February 2008, in time for the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics. The significant expansion included a rail link to the city center.

At its opening, the new Terminal 3 was the largest man-made structure in the world in terms of area covered, and a major landmark in the developing Chinese capital. The expansion was largely funded by a 30 billion yen loan from Japan and a 500-million-euro (US$625 million) loan from the European Investment Bank (EIB). The loan was the largest ever granted by the EIB in Asia, and the agreement was signed during the eighth China-EU Summit held in September 2005.[10]

Following the 2008 Summer Olympics and the addition of adding the new terminal building, Beijing Capital overtook Tokyo Haneda as the busiest airport in Asia based on scheduled seat capacity.[11]

Due to limited capacity of Beijing Capital International Airport, plans were announced for the construction of a new airport at Daxing. The project was given final approval on 13 January 2013. Construction began in late 2014 and was completed in 2019.[12] The new Daxing Airport became the Beijing home of China Eastern Airlines, China Southern Airlines, and China United Airlines, while Air China and Hainan Airlines remained at Capital.

Terminals

[edit]
Airport layout
Capital Airport in 1997

Shuttle buses connect the airport's three terminals. Terminal 2 serves Hainan Airlines and SkyTeam with the exception of China Airlines, Oneworld member SriLankan Airlines, and also other domestic and international flights. Terminal 3, the newest terminal, serves Air China, Star Alliance, Oneworld members with the exception of SriLankan Airlines, plus SkyTeam member China Airlines, and some other domestic and international flights that do not operate from Terminals 2.

Terminal 2

[edit]

Terminal 2 opened on 1 November 1999, with a floor area of 336,000 m2 (3,620,000 sq ft).[13] This terminal was used to replace Terminal 1 while the latter was undergoing renovation, cramping all airlines despite being far bigger than Terminal 1. It can handle twenty aircraft at docks connecting directly to the terminal building. Prior to the opening of Terminal 3, all international flights (and the majority of domestic flights) operated from this terminal. This terminal now houses Hainan Airlines (all international, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan flights), SkyTeam with the exception of China Airlines, which uses Terminal 3, Oneworld member SriLankan Airlines, Air Koryo, and other domestic and international flights other than those operated by Shanghai Airlines, Star Alliance members and Oneworld members. A gate capable of handling the A380 (gate 21) was also built at the terminal. Star Alliance member Air China also uses Terminal 2 for some of its domestic flights.[14]

Terminals 1 and 2 are linked by a public walkway that takes about 10–15 minutes to traverse.

Terminal 2
  • BCIA Terminal 2
    BCIA Terminal 2
  • Terminal 2 departure hall
    Terminal 2 departure hall
  • Terminal 2 waiting hall
    Terminal 2 waiting hall
  • SkyTeam lounge at Terminal 2
    SkyTeam lounge at Terminal 2
  • Takeoff view of T2 in 2010, from a China Eastern Airlines flight
    Takeoff view of T2 in 2010, from a China Eastern Airlines flight

Westwing Satellite Terminal (formally Terminal 1)

[edit]
Aerial view of PEK Terminal 1 and 2

Terminal 1, with 60,000 m2 (650,000 sq ft) of space, opened on 1 January 1980, and replaced the smaller existing terminal, which had been in operation since 1958.[7]: 24 [13] Terminal 1 was closed for renovation from 1 November 1999 to 20 September 2004, during which all airlines operated from Terminal 2. Featuring 16 gates, it was the operational base for the domestic routes of China Southern Airlines and a few other airlines such as XiamenAir and Chongqing Airlines, and was originally planned to handle domestic traffic excluding those to Hong Kong and Macau.

With the opening of Terminal 3, the terminal was closed for light refurbishment, and its airlines were moved to Terminal 2 on 20 May 2008.[15] Terminal 1 reopened for a second time on 27 June 2008, and became the operational base for all domestic flights operated by the HNA Group including those of Hainan Airlines, Grand China Air and Tianjin Airlines, while all HNA Group's international, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan flights remain in Terminal 2.[16]

On May 3, 2020, Terminal 1 temporary closed for reproposing, after Hainan Airlines moved its all domestic routes to Terminal 2. The Terminal 1 was reopened on August 1, 2023 as Westwing Satellite Terminal as part of Terminal 2.[17]

Terminal 1
  • BCIA Terminal 1
    BCIA Terminal 1
  • Terminal 1 departure hall
    Terminal 1 departure hall
  • Terminal 1 waiting hall
    Terminal 1 waiting hall
  • Terminal 1 arrival hall
    Terminal 1 arrival hall
  • Terminal 1 corridor
    Terminal 1 corridor

Terminal 3

[edit]

Construction of Terminal 3 started on 28 March 2004, and the terminal opened in two stages. Trial operations commenced on 29 February 2008, when seven airlines including El Al, Qantas, Qatar Airways, Shandong Airlines and Sichuan Airlines moved into the terminal. Twenty other airlines followed when the terminal became fully operational on 26 March 2008.[18] Currently, it mainly houses Air China, Star Alliance, Oneworld with the exception of SriLankan Airlines, which uses Terminal 2, SkyTeam member China Airlines, and other domestic and international flights that are not operated from Terminal 2. Star Alliance members LOT Polish Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, Lufthansa, Austrian Airlines, United Airlines, Air Canada, Turkish Airlines, Thai Airways International, Singapore Airlines, All Nippon Airways, Asiana Airlines, and Air China use Terminal 3-E as part of the Move Under One Roof program to co-locate alliance members.

Terminal 3 was designed by a consortium of Netherlands Airport Consultants (NACO), Foster and Partners, Arup and the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD). Lighting was designed by UK lighting architects Speirs and Major Associates. The budget for the expansion is US$3.5 billion. Much larger in size and scale than the other two terminals, Terminal 3 was the largest airport terminal-building complex in the world to be built in a single phase, with 986,000 m2 (10,610,000 sq ft) in total floor area at its opening.[13] It features a main passenger terminal (Terminal 3C) and two satellite concourses (Terminal 3D and Terminal 3E), all of the five floors above ground and two underground, with the letters "A and B" omitted to avoid confusion with the existing Terminals 1 and 2. Only two concourses were initially opened, namely, Terminal 3C dedicated for domestic flights and Terminal 3E for international flights. Terminal 3D officially opened on 18 April 2013. The newly opened concourse is temporarily used solely by Air China for some of its domestic flights.[19]

At the time of its opening, Terminal 3 was the largest airport passenger terminal building in the world. Its title as the world's largest passenger terminal was surrendered on 14 October 2008 to Dubai International Airport's Terminal 3, which has 1,713,000 m2 (18,440,000 sq ft) of floor space.

On 20 July 2013, a man in a wheelchair detonated small homemade explosives in Terminal 3 of the Beijing International Airport. The bomber, reported to be Ji Zhongxing, was injured and taken to a hospital for his injuries. No other people were hurt.[20][21]

Terminal 3
  • Terminal 3 exterior
    Terminal 3 exterior
  • Terminal 3E aerial view
    Terminal 3E aerial view
  • Terminal 3 interior
    Terminal 3 interior
  • Terminal 3 waiting hall
    Terminal 3 waiting hall
  • Waiting hall water feature
    Waiting hall water feature
  • International arrivals area
    International arrivals area

System, security and luggage

[edit]
Terminal 3 baggage claim hall

Terminal 3 has a 300,000 m2 (3,200,000 sq ft) transportation hub with a 7,000-car garage. The transportation center has designated traffic lanes for airport buses, taxis, and private vehicles. Travelers bound for T3 can exit their vehicles and enter T3 within five minutes. There is also a station for the Capital Airport Express of the Beijing Subway.

Terminal 3 has 243 elevators, escalators or moving walkways.

One of Terminal 3's highlights is the US$240 million luggage-transfer systems. The luggage system is equipped with yellow carts, each of which has a code that matches the bar code on every piece of luggage loaded and allows easy and accurate tracking. More than 200 cameras are used to monitor activities in the luggage area.

The luggage system can handle 19,200 pieces of luggage per hour. After luggage is checked in at any of the 292 counters in Terminal 3C, it can be transferred at a speed of ten meters per second. Hence, a suitcase can travel from T3C to T3E in five minutes. Arriving passengers should be able to begin retrieving their luggage within 4.5 minutes after airplanes are unloaded.

Besides X-ray scanners, additional equipment is used to conduct baggage screening. Passengers will be able to check-in their luggage at the airport from several hours to even a day before their flights. The airport will store the luggage in its luggage system and then load it on the correct aircraft.

The control tower at Beijing Capital International Airport

Appearance

[edit]

The highest building at the airport, a 98.3 m (323 ft) monitoring tower, stands at the southern end of T3. The roof of T3 is red, the Chinese color for good luck. The terminal's ceilings use white strips for decoration and to indicate directions. Under the white strips, the basic color of the ceiling is orange with light to dark tones indicating where a passenger is inside the building. The roof is light orange in the center. The color deepens as the roof extends to the sides in T3E and goes the other way round in T3C.

The roof of T3 has dozens of triangular windows to let in the daylight. Light angles can be adjusted to ensure adequate interior lighting. Many traditional Chinese elements will be employed in the terminal's interior decoration, including a "Menhai", a big copper vat used to store water for fighting fires in the Forbidden City, and the carvings imitating the famous Nine-Dragon Wall.

An indoor garden in the T3E waiting area is built in the style of imperial gardens such as the Summer Palace. In T3C, a tunnel landscape of an underground garden has been finished with plants on each side so that passengers can appreciate them inside the mini-train.[22]

Facilities

[edit]
Hilton Beijing Capital Airport

The T3 food-service area is called a "global kitchen", where 72 stores provide food ranging from formal dishes to fast food, from Chinese to Western, and from bakery goods to ice cream. Airport officials have promised that people who buy products at the airport will find the same prices in central Beijing. In addition to food and beverage areas, there is a 16,200 m2 (174,000 sq ft) domestic retail area, a 12,600 m2 (136,000 sq ft) duty-free-store area and a nearly 7,200 m2 (78,000 sq ft) convenience-service area, which includes banks, business centers, Internet services and more. At 45,200 m2 (487,000 sq ft), the commercial area is twice the size of Beijing's Lufthansa Shopping Center.

The terminal provides 72 aerobridges or jetways and is further complemented with remote parking bays that bring the total number of gates to 150. Terminal 3 comes with an additional runway. It increases BCIA's total capacity by 72 million passengers per year to approximately 90 million.[23]

Airbus A380

[edit]

The terminal has gates and a nearby runway that can handle the Airbus A380. This capability was proven when Singapore Airlines briefly offered A380 flights to Beijing in August 2008 during the Summer Olympics. Emirates started its scheduled daily operation to Dubai on 1 August 2010. Singapore Airlines has been using an A380 since June 2014 and increased to two A380s in 2015. China Southern Airlines operated two flights to Guangzhou Baiyun Airport, Chongqing Jiangbei Airport, and Amsterdam Schiphol Airport starting from 2011, 2013, and 2015 before retiring them in 2023. Lufthansa has been using these facilities since October 2010 to handle up to five A380 flights per week.

Airlines and destinations

[edit]

Passenger

[edit]
AirlinesDestinations
Air Algérie Algiers
Air Astana Almaty
Air Canada Vancouver (resumes 15 January 2025)[24]
Air China Aksu, Astana, Athens, Auckland, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Baotou, Barcelona, Beihai, Budapest, Busan, Changchun, Changsha, Changzhi, Changzhou, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chengdu–Tianfu, Chiang Mai, Chita, Chongqing, Copenhagen, Dali, Dalian, Dandong, Daqing, Dazhou, Dhaka,[25] Dubai–International, Dunhuang, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Fuyang, Fuyuan, Fuzhou, Geneva, Guangyuan, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Haikou, Hailar, Hami, Hangzhou, Hanoi,[26] Harbin, Havana,[27] Hefei, Hengyang,[28] Hiroshima, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Hotan, Huai'an, Huizhou, Islamabad, Istanbul,[29] Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Jeju, Jiamusi,[30] Jiansanjiang, Jieyang, Jingdezhen, Jinggangshan, Jiuzhaigou,[31] Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo, Karachi, Karamay, Kashgar, Korla, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kunming, Lanzhou, Lhasa, Lianyungang,[32] Lijiang, Linfen, Liupanshui,[33] Liuzhou,[34] London–Gatwick,[35] London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Lüliang, Madrid, Manila, Manzhouli, Melbourne, Mianyang, Milan–Malpensa, Minsk, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Mudanjiang, Munich, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nanchang, Nanjing, Nanning, Nantong, New York–JFK, Ningbo, Nyingchi, Ordos, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Qingdao, Qiqihar, Quzhou,[36] Riyadh,[37] Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco,[38] Sanya, São Paulo–Guarulhos,[39] Sapporo–Chitose, Sendai, Seoul–Gimpo, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Shangrao, Shaoyang, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Shiyan, Singapore, Songyuan, Stockholm–Arlanda, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Taiyuan, Taizhou, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Tonghua, Tumxuk, Ulaanbaatar, Ulanhot, Ürümqi, Vancouver, Vienna, Warsaw–Chopin, Washington–Dulles,[40] Weihai, Wenzhou, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xichang, Xilinhot, Xining, Yan'an, Yancheng, Yangon, Yangzhou, Yanji, Yantai, Yibin, Yichang, Yinchuan, Yining, Yiwu, Yuncheng, Zhangjiajie, Zhanjiang, Zhengzhou, Zhuhai, Zunyi–Maotai
Air China Inner Mongolia Bayannur,[41] Hohhot,[41] Ningbo,[41] Ordos,[41] Tongliao,[41] Weihai,[41] Xiamen,[42] Yinchuan[42]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air Koryo Pyongyang
Air Macau Macau
All Nippon Airways Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Haneda
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Gimpo,[43] Seoul–Incheon
Azerbaijan Airlines Baku[44]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong
China Airlines Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Hongqiao
Dalian Airlines Dalian,[45] Ganzhou,[45] Huangshan,[45] Liuzhou,[45] Ningbo,[46] Xiamen,[45] Xi'an[45]
Egyptair Cairo
Emirates Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan
Grand China Air Guilin, Hailar, Harbin, Jiujiang,[32] Manzhouli, Yinchuan
Hainan Airlines Altay,[47] Anqing, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Belgrade, Berlin, Boston,[48] Brussels, Changsha, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chongqing, Dalian, Dongying, Dublin,[49] Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Guiyang, Haikou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Holingol, Irkutsk,[50] Jiamusi, Jixi,[51] Kashgar,[47] Kunming, Langzhong,[52] Lanzhou, Longnan,[32] Manchester, Manzhouli, Mexico City,[53] Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Nanchang, Nanning,[54] Osaka–Kansai, Phuket, Prague,[55] Qianjiang,[56] Qionghai, Saint Petersburg, Sanya, Seattle/Tacoma,[57] Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tel Aviv (suspended), Tijuana,[53] Tokyo–Haneda,[58] Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson,[59] Ürümqi, Vladivostok,[60] Wenzhou, Wuhai, Wuhan, Xiamen, Xi'an, Xishuangbanna, Yichang, Yinchuan, Yueyang,[61] Yulin (Shaanxi), Zhangye[62]
Seasonal: Edinburgh[63]
Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong
Iraqi Airways Baghdad, Basra[64]
Japan Airlines Tokyo–Haneda
Jeju Air Jeju
KLM Amsterdam
Korean Air Busan,[65] Jeju, Seoul–Gimpo, Seoul–Incheon
Kunming Airlines Kunming
Loong Air Hangzhou
Lucky Air Kunming
Lufthansa Munich
Mahan Air Tehran–Imam Khomeini
MIAT Mongolian Airlines Ulaanbaatar
Pakistan International Airlines Islamabad[66]
Shandong Airlines Fuzhou, Qingdao, Xiamen, Yantai, Zhuhai
Shenzhen Airlines Chengdu–Shuangliu, Nanning,[54] Nantong, Quanzhou, Shenzhen, Wuxi, Xiangyang, Yichun (Jiangxi)
Sichuan Airlines Cairo, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chengdu–Tianfu, Chongqing, Kashgar,[47] Kunming, Mianyang,[67] Sanya, Wanzhou, Wuyishan, Xichang, Xishuangbanna,[32] Yibin,[68] Zhongwei
Singapore Airlines Singapore
Spring Airlines Japan Tokyo–Narita[69]
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Tibet Airlines Chengdu–Shuangliu,[70] Lhasa, Qamdo[70]
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
Turkmenistan Airlines Ashgabat[71]
United Airlines San Francisco[72]
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Nha Trang

Cargo

[edit]
AirlinesDestinations
AirBridgeCargo Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Air China Cargo Amsterdam, Anchorage, Atlanta, Chicago–O'Hare, Frankfurt, Los Angeles, Munich,[73] Nanjing, New York–JFK, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
Air Koryo Cargo Pyongyang
Asiana Cargo Seoul–Incheon
Cargolux Luxembourg
China Airlines Cargo Taipei–Taoyuan
China Cargo Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
China Postal Airlines Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen
DHL Aviation
operated by Air Hong Kong 		Hong Kong
Etihad Cargo Abu Dhabi, Almaty[74]
EVA Air Cargo Taipei–Taoyuan
FedEx Express Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[75] Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong
Garuda Cargo Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Korean Air Cargo Seoul–Incheon
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt
SF Airlines Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Macau, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen, Wuxi
Singapore Airlines Cargo Singapore
Suparna Airlines Cargo Hangzhou, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen

Ground transportation

[edit]

Intraterminal transportation

[edit]

Terminal 3 consists of three sub-concourses. Both domestic and international travellers check in at concourse T3C. Gates for domestic flights are in T3C, and gates for domestic flights operated by Air China are also located in concourse T3D. All international, Hong Kong, and Macau, and Taiwan flights are handled in concourse T3E.

A Beijing Capital Airport Terminal 3 people mover

In conjunction with the construction of the new terminal, Bombardier Transportation installed a 2 km (1.2 mi) automated people mover which connects T3C and T3E via T3D in a 2–5-minute one-way trip.[76] The line uses Innovia APM 100 vehicles running at 6-minute intervals at a maximum speed of 55 kilometers per hour (34 mph).[77]

New Innovia APM 300 vehicles is being delivered to Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 People Mover in July 2021.[78]

Interterminal transportation

[edit]
Interterminal Shuttle Bus (landside)

The airport provides a free interterminal shuttle bus between Terminals 1/2 and 3. They operate every 10 minutes from 6 am to 11 pm, and every 30 minutes from 11 pm until 6 am. Terminals 1 and 2 are connected by a lengthy corridor.

Rail

[edit]
Main article: Capital Airport Express

Beijing Capital International Airport is served by the Capital Airport Express, a dedicated rail link operated as part of the Beijing Subway system. The 30.0 km (18.6 mi) line runs from Terminal 3 to Terminal 2 and then to the city with stops at Sanyuanqiao and Dongzhimen before ending at Beixinqiao. The line opened on 19 July 2008, in time for the 2008 Summer Olympics, while a one-stop extension to Beixinqiao station was opened on 31 December 2021.[79] A one-way trip takes approximately 16–20 minutes.[80]

Capital Airport Express

Bus

[edit]
An airport bus at Terminal 3
Main article: Beijing Capital Airport Bus

There are 18 bus routes to and from points throughout the city including Xidan, Beijing railway station, Beijing South railway station, Beijing West railway station, Zhongguancun, Fangzhuang and Shangdi. The airport buses run to each of the three terminals and cost up to ¥30 per ride depending on the route. The airport buses accept only paper tickets that are sold at each terminal and certain bus stops in the city. The airport also offers intercity bus services to and from neighboring cities including Tianjin, Qinhuangdao, Baoding, Langfang and Tangshan.

Car

[edit]

The airport is accessible by four expresses tollways, two of which run directly from northeastern Beijing to the airport. The other two connect to the airport from nearby highways.

  • The Airport Expressway is a 20 km (12 mi) toll road that runs from the northeastern 3rd Ring Road at Sanyuanqiao directly to Terminals 1 and 2. It was built in the 1990s and has served as the primary road connection to the city.
  • The 2nd Airport Expressway, opened in 2008, is a 15.6 km (9.7 mi) toll road that runs east from Yaojiayuan Lu at the eastern 5th Ring Road and then north to Terminal 3.
  • The Northern Airport Line, opened in 2006, is an 11.3 km (7.0 mi) toll road that runs east from the Jingcheng Expressway to Terminals 1 and 2.
  • The Southern Airport Line, opened in 2008, is a toll road that runs parallel and to the south of the Northern Airport Line from the Jingcheng Expressway to the eastern Sixth Ring Road at the Litian Bridge. This highway crosses the Airport Expressway and 2nd Airport Expressway, and enables drivers on the former to reach Terminal 3 and the latter to head to Terminals 1 and 2.

Accolades

[edit]
Rankings
Traffic Rank Year
List of airports by passenger traffic 2 2014
List of airports by traffic movements 5 2014
List of airports by cargo traffic 12 2014

Statistics

[edit]
Annual passenger traffic at PEK airport. See Wikidata query.
Traffic by calendar year
Year Passenger volume Change from previous year Aircraft operations Cargo
(tons)
2007[85] 53,611,747 399,209 1,416,211.3
2008[85] 55,938,136 Increase04.3% 429,646 1,367,710.3
2009[86] 65,375,095 Increase016.9% 487,918 1,475,656.8
2010[87] 73,948,114 Increase013.1% 517,585 1,551,471.6
2011[88] 78,674,513 Increase06.4% 533,166 1,640,231.8
2012[3] 81,929,359 Increase04.1% 557,167 1,787,027
2013[89] 83,712,355 Increase02.2% 567,759 1,843,681
2014[90] 86,128,313 Increase02.9% 581,952 1,848,251
2015 89,900,000 Increase04.4% 594,785 1,843,543
2016 94,393,000 Increase05.6% 606,086 1,831,167
2017 95,786,296 Increase01.5% 597,259 2,029,583
2018 100,983,290 Increase05.4% 614,022 2,074,005
2019[91] 100,013,642 Decrease01.0% 594,000 1,955,286
2020[92] 34,513,827 Decrease065.5% 291,498 1,210,441
2021[93] 32,639,013 Decrease05.4% 297,176 1,401,313
2022 12,703,342 Decrease061.1% 157,630 988,675
2023[94] 52,879,156 Increase0316.3% 379,710 1,115,908

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Beijing Capital International Airport (2013–2022 normals, extremes 2013–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 13.0
(55.4) 		26.0
(78.8) 		27.0
(80.6) 		35.0
(95.0) 		42.0
(107.6) 		41.0
(105.8) 		40.0
(104.0) 		38.0
(100.4) 		37.0
(98.6) 		30.0
(86.0) 		21.0
(69.8) 		15.0
(59.0) 		42.0
(107.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.7
(36.9) 		6.0
(42.8) 		14.1
(57.4) 		21.5
(70.7) 		27.4
(81.3) 		30.8
(87.4) 		31.5
(88.7) 		30.9
(87.6) 		27.2
(81.0) 		19.1
(66.4) 		10.7
(51.3) 		4.3
(39.7) 		18.8
(65.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.4
(25.9) 		−0.4
(31.3) 		8.1
(46.6) 		15.4
(59.7) 		21.4
(70.5) 		25.3
(77.5) 		27.0
(80.6) 		26.1
(79.0) 		21.1
(70.0) 		12.5
(54.5) 		4.4
(39.9) 		−2.2
(28.0) 		12.9
(55.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −7.4
(18.7) 		−5.2
(22.6) 		2.3
(36.1) 		8.3
(46.9) 		14.1
(57.4) 		19.2
(66.6) 		22.6
(72.7) 		21.4
(70.5) 		16.1
(61.0) 		7.9
(46.2) 		0.6
(33.1) 		−6.2
(20.8) 		7.8
(46.0)
Record low °C (°F) −23.0
(−9.4) 		−16.0
(3.2) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		2.0
(35.6) 		11.0
(51.8) 		16.0
(60.8) 		11.0
(51.8) 		6.0
(42.8) 		−3.0
(26.6) 		−12.0
(10.4) 		−22.0
(−7.6) 		−23.0
(−9.4)
Average relative humidity (%) 46 44 42 43 47 58 72 71 68 64 57 46 55
Source: [95]

Other facilities

[edit]

Beijing Capital Airlines has its headquarters in the Capital Airlines Building (首都航空大厦; Shǒudū Hángkōng Dàshà) at the airport.[96][97]

Accidents and incidents at or near PEK

[edit]

On December 5, 1968, the airport was the site of two fatal accidents in less than 24 hours;

  • A Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) Ilyushin Il-14 on approach plunged towards the ground for undetermined reasons (possibly wind shear), broke apart and caught fire, and killed 13 out of the 14 occupants on board.[98]
  • Another CAAC Ilyushin Il-14 crashed 1.2 km (0.8mls) from PEK during a nighttime approach in poor visibility because of an incorrect altimeter setting and the absence of the flight instructor in the cockpit during the approach. Both occupants died.[99]

On August 27, 2019, an Air China Airbus A330 caught fire while parked at the gate during boarding. All 161 passengers and crew evacuated safely, but the aircraft was substantially damaged and written off.[100]

Sister airports

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beijing Capital International Airport.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Beijing Capital International Airport.
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