Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester
The Earl of Chichester | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Home Secretary | |
| In office 30 July 1801 – 17 August 1803 | |
| Monarch | George III |
| Prime Minister | Henry Addington |
| Preceded by | The Duke of Portland |
| Succeeded by | Charles Philip Yorke |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 April 1756 London, England |
| Died | 4 July 1826 (aged 70) London, England |
| Political party | Whig, later Tory |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Mary Osborne (1776–1862) |
| Alma mater | Clare College, Cambridge |
Thomas Pelham, 2nd Earl of Chichester PC, PC (Ire), FRS (28 April 1756 – 4 July 1826), styled The Honourable Thomas Pelham from 1768 until 1783, The Right Honourable Thomas Pelham from 1783 to 1801, and then known as Lord Pelham until 1805, was a British Whig politician. He notably held office as Home Secretary under Henry Addington from 1801 to 1803.
Background and education
[edit]Chichester was the eldest son of Thomas Pelham, 1st Earl of Chichester, and his wife Anne, daughter of Frederick Meinhardt Frankland. The Right Reverend George Pelham was his younger brother. He was educated at Westminster and Clare College, Cambridge.[1]
Political career
[edit]Pelham was commissioned as a captain in the Sussex Militia when it was raised by the Duke of Richmond in June 1778, and was subsequently promoted to major and lieutenant-colonel, frequently deputising in command for Richmond. During the summer of 1780 the regiment was at Ranmore Camp near Dorking in Surrey, close enough to Sussex for Pelham to stand as a candidate for the county in the general election and to be elected.[2] [3]
Chichester was appointed Surveyor-General of the Ordnance under the Duke of Richmond as Master-General of the Ordnance in Lord Rockingham's second ministry (1782), and Chief Secretary for Ireland in the coalition ministry of 1783 (when he was also appointed to the Privy Council of Ireland). He represented Carrick in the Irish House of Commons from 1783 to 1790 and Clogher from 1795 to 1797. In 1795 he was sworn of the Privy Council and became Irish chief secretary under Pitt's government, retiring in 1798.[3]
In the latter year he sat briefly for Naas before transferring to Armagh Borough, a seat he held only until the next year. He was Home Secretary from July 1801 to August 1803 under Addington, who made him Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in 1803. Pelham went out of office in 1804, and in the next year succeeded to the earldom. He was joint-Postmaster General from 1807 to 1823, and for the remaining three years of his life Postmaster General.[3]
Family
[edit]
Lord Chichester married Lady Mary Henrietta Juliana, daughter of Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds, in 1801. They had four sons and six daughters. Their second son, the Hon. Frederick Thomas Pelham, was a naval commander, while their third son, the Right Reverend John Thomas Pelham, was Bishop of Norwich. Lord Chichester died in July 1826, aged 70, and was succeeded in his titles by his eldest son, Henry. His daughter Lady Amelia Rose married Major General Sir Joshua Jebb, the Surveyor General of Prisons and designer of Pentonville Prison, the 'Model Prison', on 5 September 1854. The Countess of Chichester died in October 1862, aged 86. His daughter, Lady Lucy Anne Pelham, married Sir David Dundas.[citation needed]
References
[edit]- ^ "Pelham, the Hon. Thomas (PLHN773T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ J.R. Western, The English Militia in the Eighteenth Century: The Story of a Political Issue 1660–1802, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965.
- ^ a b c Pelham at History of Parliament.
External links
[edit]
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- 1756 births
- 1826 deaths
- People educated at Westminster School, London
- Alumni of Clare College, Cambridge
- Irish MPs 1783–1790
- Irish MPs 1790–1797
- Irish MPs 1798–1800
- Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
- British MPs 1780–1784
- British MPs 1784–1790
- British MPs 1790–1796
- British MPs 1796–1800
- Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
- UK MPs 1801–1802
- UK MPs who inherited peerages
- Sussex Militia officers
- Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain
- Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
- Secretaries of State for the Home Department
- Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster
- Earls of Chichester
- Postmasters general of the United Kingdom
- Pelham family
- Commissioners of the Treasury for Ireland
- Chief Secretaries for Ireland
- Fellows of the Royal Society
- Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Leitrim constituencies
- Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Tyrone constituencies
- Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Armagh constituencies
- Leaders of the House of Lords